Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 62
Filter
1.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 115: e190408, 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1101276

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND The mechanism of resistance to SbIII in Leishmania is complex, multifactorial and involves not only biochemical mechanisms, but also other elements, such as the immune system of the host. OBJECTIVES In this study, putative changes in the immunological profile of human monocytes infected with wild-type (WT) and antimony (SbIII)-resistant Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum lines were evaluated. METHODS Susceptibility assays WT and SbIII-resistant L. braziliensis and L. infantum were performed using lines THP-1 human monocytic lineage. Phagocytic capacity, cytokine profile, intracellular nitric oxide (NO) production and surface carbohydrate residues profile were performed in peripheral blood monocytes by flow cytometry. FINDINGS The phagocytic capacity and intracellular NO production by classical (CD14++CD16-) and proinflammatory (CD14++CD16+) monocytes were higher in the presence of L. infantum lines compared to L. braziliensis lines. The results also highlight proinflammatory monocytes as the cellular subpopulation of major relevance in a phagocytosis event and NO expression. It is important to note that L. infantum induced a proinflammatory cytokine profile characterised by higher levels of TNF-α in culture supernatant than L. braziliensis. Conversely, both Leishmania lines induce high levels of IL-6 in culture supernatant. Analysis of the expression profile of surface carbohydrates showed that L. braziliensis presents 4.3-fold higher expression of galactose(β1,4)N-acetylglucosamine than L. infantum line. Interestingly, the expression level of α-N-acetylgalactosamine residues was 2-fold lower in the SbIII-resistant L. braziliensis line than its counterpart WT line, indicating differences in surface glycoconjugates between these lines. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that L. braziliensis and L. infantum induce different innate immune responses and a highly inflammatory profile, which is characteristic of infection by L. infantum, the species associated with visceral disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Phagocytosis/immunology , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Monocytes/parasitology , Leishmania infantum/immunology , Antimony/pharmacology , Nitric Oxide/biosynthesis , Antiprotozoal Agents/pharmacology , Leishmania braziliensis/drug effects , Drug Resistance , Monocytes/immunology , Leishmania infantum/drug effects , Flow Cytometry , Immunity, Innate
2.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 29(2): e003520, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138090

ABSTRACT

Abstract Blood samples and swabs from ocular conjunctiva and mouth were obtained from 64 cats. Of 64 serum samples, 19 were positive for Leishmania antibodies by ELISA (29.80%). Eight cats were positive by PCR (12.5%) in swab samples from mouth and/or ocular mucosa. Poor kappa agreement between serological and molecular results (k = 0.16) was obtained. From five positive PCR samples one was L. braziliensis and four were L. infantum. Phylogenetic analysis performed with the five isolates of Leishmania, showed that samples of L. infantum isolated from the cats were phylogenetically close to those isolated from domestic dogs in Brazil, while the L. braziliensis is very similar to the one described in humans in Venezuela. The study demonstrated that, despite high seropositivity for Leishmania in cats living in the study region, poor agreement between serological and molecular results indicate that positive serology is not indicative of Leishmania infection in cats. Parasite DNA can be detected in ocular conjunctiva and oral swabs from cats, indicating that such samples could be used for diagnosis. Results of phylogenetic analyzes show that L. infantum circulating in Brazil is capable of infecting different hosts, demonstrating the parasite's ability to overcome the interspecies barrier.


Resumo Amostras de sangue e swabs da conjuntiva ocular e oral foram obtidas de 64 gatos. Das 64 amostras de soro, 19 foram positivas para anticorpos contra Leishmania por ELISA (29,80%). Oito gatos foram positivos por PCR (12,5%) em amostras de swab da boca e / ou mucosa ocular. Demonstrou-se baixa concordância kappa entre os resultados sorológicos e moleculares (k = 0,16). Das cinco amostras positivas para PCR, uma era L. braziliensis e quatro eram L infantum. A análise filogenética realizada com os cinco isolados de Leishmania, mostrou que amostras de L. infantum, isoladas dos gatos, eram filogeneticamente próximas às isoladas de cães domésticos do Brasil enquanto L. braziliensis era muito semelhante ao descrito em humanos na Venezuela. O estudo demonstrou que, apesar da alta soropositividade para Leishmania, em gatos que vivem na região do estudo, pouca concordância entre os resultados sorológicos e moleculares indica que a sorologia positiva não é indicativa de infecção por Leishmania em gatos. O DNA do parasita pode ser detectado na conjuntiva ocular e nas zaragatoas orais de gatos, indicando que essas amostras podem ser usadas para o diagnóstico. . Resultados de análises filogenéticas mostram que L. infantum, circulando no Brasil, é capaz de infectar diferentes hospedeiros, demonstrando a capacidade do parasita de superar a barreira interespécies.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Leishmania braziliensis/isolation & purification , Cat Diseases/parasitology , Leishmaniasis/parasitology , Leishmania infantum/isolation & purification , Phylogeny , Leishmania braziliensis/genetics , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Cat Diseases/diagnosis , Leishmaniasis/diagnosis , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , DNA, Protozoan/analysis , Leishmania infantum/genetics , Leishmania infantum/immunology
3.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 50(6): 788-794, Nov.-Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-897029

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The production of the Montenegro antigen for skin test poses difficulties regarding quality control. Here, we propose that certain animal models reproducing a similar immune response to humans may be used in the quality control of Montenegro antigen production. METHODS: Fifteen Cavia porcellus (guinea pigs) were immunized with Leishmania amazonensis or Leishmania braziliensis , and, after 30 days, they were skin tested with standard Montenegro antigen. To validate C. porcellus as an animal model for skin tests, eighteen Mesocricetus auratus (hamsters) were infected with L. amazonensis or L. braziliensis , and, after 45 days, they were skin tested with standard Montenegro antigen. RESULTS: Cavia porcellus immunized with L. amazonensis or L. braziliensis , and hamsters infected with the same species presented induration reactions when skin tested with standard Montenegro antigen 48-72h after the test. CONCLUSIONS: The comparison between immunization methods and immune response from the two animal species validated C. porcellus as a good model for Montenegro skin test, and the model showed strong potential as an in vivo model in the quality control of the production of Montenegro antigen.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Intradermal Tests/standards , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Models, Animal , Antigens, Protozoan/biosynthesis , Antigens, Protozoan/immunology , Quality Control , Predictive Value of Tests , Sensitivity and Specificity , Leishmania/immunology
4.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 19(3): 302-307, May-Jun/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-751876

ABSTRACT

Background: Several tests are performed to obtain better accuracy when diagnosing American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL). It is believed that antigens released via secretion, excretion and metabolism are more specific than are antigens released by the lysis of Leishmania parasites. Such antigens are known as exo-antigens (exo-Ag) and are formed from products released by cultured parasites in a way that is similar to that in which they cause infections in hosts. Objective: We attempted to validate a Leishmania mexicana ELISA exo-Ag for ATL diagnosis in Midwestern Brazil. Methods: A total of 281 patients were included in the study. We analysed pre-treatment blood from 98 ATL patients; out of those, 85.7% and 14.3% had cutaneous and mucosal forms, respectively. Results: The exo-Ag accuracy was 83.99% (95% CI = 79.24-87.81) with a sensitivity value of 90.82% (95% CI = 83.46-95.09) and an overall specificity value of 80.33% (95% CI = 73.97-85.44). The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 71.20% (95% CI = 62.72-78.41) and 94.23% (95% CI = 89.40-96.94), respectively. Among healthy controls, exo-Ag had a specificity of 91.25% (95% CI = 83.02-95.70); additionally, the test had specificity rates of 66.67% (95% CI = 46.71-82.03) in Chagas disease patients, 60.61% (95% CI = 43.68-75.32) in patients with rheumatic diseases, 76.92% (95% CI = 49.74-91.82) in pemphigus foliaceus patients, 87.50% (95% CI = 52.91-97.76) in leprosy patients, 87.50% (95% CI = 63.98-96.50) in VRDL-positive patients, and 77.78 (95% CI = 45.26-93.68) in deep mycosis patients. Conclusion: Based on the indicators of validity, we conclude that the results obtained in this study enable the recommendation of the exo-Ag ELISA for ATL diagnosis once it presented a reasonable accuracy compared to classical methods. Cost evaluations are necessary to completely define the role of this technique in large scale. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antigens, Protozoan/blood , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Leishmania mexicana/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Case-Control Studies , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/parasitology , Predictive Value of Tests , Sensitivity and Specificity
5.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2015. ix,81 p. ilus, tab, graf, mapas.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-774226

ABSTRACT

Estudos anteriores no modelo murino demonstraram a possibilidade deindução de proteção através da imunização por via mucosa, tanto com antígenosbrutos (lisado total de promastigotas de Leishmania amazonensis - LaAg) comoatravés de vacina de DNA (DNA plasmideal com o gene que codifica a proteínaLACK - LACK DNA), contra a leishmaniose cutânea (LC) causada por L.amazonensis, e a leishmaniose visceral causada por L. infantum. No entanto,estudos de vacinação contra as espécies do subgênero Viannia, principaisresponsáveis pela LC nas Américas, são dificultados devido à falta de modelosexperimentais de fácil manuseio que reproduzam a doença humana. Recentementefoi demonstrado pelo nosso grupo que o hamster dourado é um modelo adequadopara o estudo da imunopatogênese da leishmaniose cutânea causada por L. (V.)braziliensis e que o antígeno LaAg administrado por via intranasal induziu proteçãocontra a infecção por L. (V.) braziliensis no modelo. Entretanto, as abordagensimunológicas e moleculares para os estudos no modelo hamster são limitadas pelapouca disponibilidade de insumos comerciais disponíveis. Nesse trabalho,padronizamos um ensaio por RT-qPCR para avaliação de marcadores molecularesem pele de hamsters infectados por L. braziliensis, pela expressão gênica de IFN-gama,TGF-beta, TNF, IL-10, IL-4, IL-6, iNOS e arginase, e investigamos o efeito protetor daimunização intranasal com a vacina gênica LACK DNA, administrada em protocolosprime-boost homólogo (50mig/dose) e heterólogo (LACK DNA-50mig / LaAg-10mig) nainfecção por L. braziliensis...


Previous studies in murine models demonstrated the possibility to induceprotection by mucosal immunization with crude antigens (total lysate of Leishmaniaamazonensis promastigotes - LaAg) as well as through DNA vaccine (plasmid DNAwith the gene encoding LACK protein - LACK DNA) against cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL) caused by L. amazonensis and visceral leishmaniasis caused by L. infantum.However, vaccination studies against Viannia subgenus (the main cause for CL inAmericas) are hampered due to the lack of experimental models which are easilyexecuted to mimic this disease as it occurs in humans. Recently, it was demonstratedby our group that the golden hamster is an appropriate model to studyimmunopathological aspects of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. (V.)braziliensis. Furthermore, it was also demonstrated that LaAg antigen administeredintranasally induces protection against L. (V.) braziliensis infection in the model.However, immunological and molecular approaches for studies in hamster modelsare limited by the low availability of commercial products. In this study, westandardized an assay by RT-qPCR for assessment of molecular markers in the skinof hamsters infected by L. braziliensis, through the relative gene expressionquantification of IFN-gama, TGF-beta, TNF, IL-10, IL-4, IL-6, iNOS and arginase, and theprotective effect of intranasal immunization with LACK DNA vaccine (administered inhomologous prime-boost protocol 50 mcg/dose) and heterologous prime-boost(LACK DNA 50 mcg in first dose/LaAg-10mg in second dose), against L. braziliensisinfection. The results demonstrated that immunization with LACK DNA homologousprime boost did not induce protection against L. braziliensis infection in hamstermodel since there was no significant difference in lesion size, in parasite load, andIgG and IgG 2 anti-Leishmania levels on day 110 after infection, compared with thecontrol groups (PBS and DNA)...


Subject(s)
Cricetinae , Leishmaniasis Vaccines , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Parasite Load , Mesocricetus/immunology , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
6.
Salvador; s.n; 2015. 61 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1000970

ABSTRACT

Os neutrófilos são essenciais para a resposta imune inata contra uma variedade de patógenos. Eles são capazes de modular a resposta imune através da produção de citocinas e quimiocinas, degranulação e a sua interação direta com outras células no local da infecção, tais como as células dendríticas. A interação entre as células do sistema imune inato é essencial para direcionar a resposta imune adaptativa, a qual é responsável pela eliminação de microrganismos e manutenção de memória imunológica. Objetivo: Este estudo avaliou a interação de neutrófilos humanos com Leishmania braziliensis, através da análise da expressão de moléculas de superfície, liberação de enzimas presentes nos grânulos e produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio (ROS). Também foi avaliada a interação entre neutrófilos humanos infectados e células dendríticas, a fim de se observar o efeito desta interação na indução da ativação das células dendríticas. Metodologia: Os neutrófilos foram purificados a partir do sangue periférico de doadores saudáveis e as células dendríticas foram geradas in vitro. Os neutrófilos foram infectados ou não com L. braziliensis e co-cultivados com as células dendríticas. Em seguida, os sobrenadantes e as células foram coletadas para avaliar a liberação de enzimas, tais como mieloperoxidase (MPO) e metaloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). O fenótipo e a função dos neutrófilos foram analisados através da expressão de Mac-1 (CD18 e CD11b), CD16, CD62-L e produção de ROS...


Neutrophils are essential in the innate immune response against a variety of pathogens. They are able to modulate immune response by cytokine and chemokine production, release of granules and their direct interaction with other cells at the infection site. Dendritic cells are recruited in response to cytokines and chemokines produced by neutrophils. The interaction between cells of the innate immune system is essential for targeting the adaptive immune response, which is responsible for eliminating microorganisms and the maintenance of immunological memory. Objective: Evaluate the interaction of human neutrophils with Leishmania braziliensis, through the analysis of surface molecule expression, release of granules enzymes and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We also evaluated the interaction between human infected neutrophils and dendritic cells, in order to observe the effect of this interaction on dendritic cells. Methodology: Neutrophils were purified from peripheral blood of healthy donors and dendritic cells were generated in vitro. Neutrophils were infected or not with L. braziliensis and cocultured with DC. Afterwards, supernatants and cells were harvested to evaluate the release of granules enzymes, such as myeloperoxidase (MPO) and metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). Neutrophils phenotype and function were analyzed by the expression of Mac-1 (CD18 and CD11b), CD16 and ROS production...


Subject(s)
Humans , Dendritic Cells/cytology , Dendritic Cells/immunology , Dendritic Cells/pathology , Leishmania braziliensis/growth & development , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Leishmania braziliensis/parasitology , Leishmania braziliensis/pathogenicity , Neutrophils/immunology , Neutrophils/parasitology , Neutrophils/pathology
7.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2014. xiii,55 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-774294

ABSTRACT

Resultados anteriores demonstraram que a administração oral e intranasal deantígenos brutos de Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis (LaAg) protegeparcialmente camundongos contra a infecção por L. amazonensis. No entanto,estudos de vacinação contra as espécies do subgênero Viannia, as principais espécies causadora da leishmaniose cutânea e mucosa nas Américas, têm sido dificultados pela falta de modelos experimentais de fácil manuseio que reproduzam a doença humana. Recentemente, foi demonstrado que o hamster dourado é um modelo adequado para o estudo da imunopatogênese da leishmaniose cutânea causada por L. (Viannia) braziliensis. Usando o modelo hamster, investigamos se o efeito protetor da imunização intranasal com LaAg pode ser estendido a infecção porL. braziliensis. Hamsters foram vacinados com duas doses de LaAg (10 µg)intranasal (IN) ou duas doses de LaAg (20 mig) por via intramuscular (IM) e duas semanas após a vacinação foram desafiados com L. braziliensis. Os resultados demonstraram que a imunização com LaAg reduziu significativamente o crescimento da lesão e da carga parasitária, bem como os níveis de IgG e IgG2 no plasma. No final do experimento, 114 dias após a infecção, os hamsters que foram considerados protegidos expressaram na pele níveis semelhantes de mRNA para IFN-gama e IL-10comparados aos níveis na pele de animais não infectados, diferentemente do observado nos animais não protegidos. Comparando com a via nasal, a imunização pela via intramuscular (IM) não induziu proteção. Estes resultados demonstram pela primeira vez que a imunização pela via nasal pode induzir proteção cruzada contra a infecção por L. braziliensis...


Previous results have shown that oral and intranasal administration of crudeLeishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis antigens (LaAg) partially protects miceagainst L. amazonensis infection. However, vaccination studies on species of thesubgenus Viannia, the main causative species of cutaneous and mucosalleishmaniasis in the Americas, have been hampered by the lack of easy-to-handlebio-models that accurately mimic the human disease. Recently, we demonstratedthat the golden hamster is an appropriate model for studying theimmunopathogenesis of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. (Viannia) braziliensis.Using the golden hamster model, we investigated whether the protective effect ofintranasal immunisation with LaAg can be extended to L. braziliensis infection.Golden hamsters vaccinated with either two intranasal (IN) doses of LaAg (10 µg) ortwo intramuscular doses of LaAg (20 µg) were challenged 2 weeks post-vaccinationwith L. braziliensis. The results showed that IN immunisation with LaAg significantlyreduced lesion growth and parasitic load as well as serum IgG and IgG2 levels. Atthe experimental endpoint on day 114 post-infection, IN-immunised hamsters thatwere considered protected expressed IFN-gama and IL10 mRNA at similar levels asuninfected skin. Unlike what was observed in animals not protected. In contrast to thenasal route, intramuscular (IM) immunisation failed to provide protection. Theseresults demonstrate for the first time that the nasal route of immunisation can inducecross protection against L. braziliensis infection...


Subject(s)
Mice , Leishmaniasis Vaccines , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Mouth Mucosa
8.
Salvador; s.n; 2014. 90 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1000913

ABSTRACT

A leishmaniose é uma doença de escala global, que afeta 12 milhões de pessoas e pode causar um espectro de doenças que vai desde a forma cutânea localizada, que tende para a cura espontânea, até a forma visceral que é fatal. Apesar da gravidade da doença, até o momento não existe uma vacina efetiva para prevenir a leishmaniose. Dentre os antígenos promissores para o desenvolvimento de uma vacina, destacam-se as proteínas ribossomais (S4, S6, L3 e L5) e a KMP-11, uma proteína de superfície presente nos membros da família tripanosomatidae. Nosso estudo consistiu em avaliar os efeitos da imunização com estes antígenos frente ao desafio com L. major e com L. braziliensis, empregando modelos experimentais de infecção. Primeiramente, avaliamos a capacidade protetora dos antígenos ribossomais frente à infecção por L. major. Dos quatro antígenos avaliados, apenas L3 ou L5 foram capazes de prevenir o desenvolvimento da lesão e de diminuir a carga parasitária. A vacinação de camundongos com estes antígenos, na presença de CpG, induziu um perfil de resposta Th1, com elevada produção de IFN-γ, baixa produção de IL-10 e presença de anticorpos IgG2a. Em seguida, avaliamos a capacidade protetora dos antígenos L3 e L5...


Leishmaniasis is a global disease affecting 12 million people and can cause diseases that range from self-healing localized cutaneous leishmaniasis to fatal visceral leishmaniasis. Despite the severity of the disease, there is no effective vaccine to prevent leishmaniasis. Among the promising antigens for the development of a vaccine, stand out the ribosomal proteins (S4, S6, L3, and L5) and KMP-11, a surface protein, widely found in the members of family Trypanosomatidae. Our study evaluated the effects of immunization with these antigens upon challenge with L. major and L. braziliensis, employing the experimental models of infection. First, we evaluated the protective ability of ribosomal antigens to infection by L. major. Among the four antigens examined only L3 or L5...


Subject(s)
Animals , Leishmania braziliensis/growth & development , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Leishmania braziliensis/parasitology , Leishmania braziliensis/pathogenicity , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/mortality , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/pathology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/prevention & control , Macrophages/immunology
9.
Salvador; s.n; 2014. 75 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1000914

ABSTRACT

Células de voluntários saudáveis, expostas in vitro a Leishmania, podem produzir altos níveis de IFNG na primeira exposição ao parasita, caracterizando os indivíduos como alto respondedores (AR), ou baixos níveis de IFNG, caracterizando os indivíduos baixo respondedores (BR). O objetivo deste estudo foi estudar o perfil de expressão gênica associado ao padrão de produção de IFNG de indivíduos AR e BR. Também avaliamos se as assinaturas gênicas identificadas nos indivíduos AR e BR se associam com o padrão de resposta imune observado em indivíduos de área endêmica identificada como subclínicos (SC) ou portadores de Leishmaniose Cutânea Localizada (LC). Inicialmente, Células Mononucleares do Sangue Periférico (CMSP) de voluntários saudáveis foram estimuladas in vitro com Leishmania braziliensis e identificamos indivíduos AR (com produção de IFNG acima de 330 pg/ml)...


Naïve volunteers exposed to Leishmania in vitro can be high IFNG producers, characterizing a high-responder (HR), or low IFNG producers, characterizing a low-responder (LR). The purpose of this work is to characterize the gene expression profile associated to IFNG production in HR and LR individuals. Formerly, we analyzed if the gene signature identified could be associated with the pattern of immune response in individuals from endemic areas identified as subclinical (SC), or patients with Localized Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (LC). Initially, we stimulated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) from healthy volunteers in vitro with Leishmania braziliensis where we identified HR (IFNG production above 330 pg/ml)...


Subject(s)
Humans , Leishmania braziliensis/genetics , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/genetics , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/prevention & control , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/therapy , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Polymerase Chain Reaction
10.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 108(3): 293-296, maio 2013.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-676982

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the specificity of a rapid immunochromatographic test that was developed to detect antibodies against the rK39 antigen for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). This evaluation was performed using sera from patients with a confirmed diagnosis of active cutaneous leishmaniasis. The sera from 272 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of localised cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) who resided in an area endemic for Leishmania braziliensis in Brazil were obtained before the initiation of antileishmanial treatment. Kalazar Detect(r)(InBios, Seattle, WA) recombinant K39 antigen-based immunochromatographic strips were used according to the manufacturer's instructions. The test results were evaluated independently by two examiners in sequential order. The positive controls for the test included five serum samples from five patients with parasitologically confirmed diagnosis of VL caused by Leishmania infantum in Brazil. Overall, 100% of the samples obtained from patients with CL were negative, confirming the absence of a serological cross-reaction for individuals with cutaneous disease when these patients were evaluated using the rapid test. The lack of a cross-reaction in patients who were infected by parasites of the same genus highlights the specificity of the rK39 antigen for the diagnosis of VL in areas with the sympatric circulation of L. braziliensis and L. infantum.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antigens, Protozoan , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Protozoan Proteins , Chromatography, Affinity , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/immunology , Reagent Kits, Diagnostic , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity
11.
Belo Horizonte; s.n; 2012. 139 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, ColecionaSUS | ID: biblio-938466

ABSTRACT

Os glicoconjugados de Leishmania tem sido extensivamente estudados, mas ainda poucose sabe sobre o quanto polimorfismos intra e interespecíficos contribuem com o desenvolvimentodas diferentes imunopatologias das leishmanioses. Por este motivo, duas espécies de importânciaepidemiológica foram examinadas, L. braziliensis e L. infantum, agentes causadores dasleishmanioses cutânea e visceral, respectivamente. O LPG de L. braziliensis não possui cadeiaslaterais enquanto o LPG de L. infantum carrega em sua estrutura oligômeros de até três β-glicoses como cadeias laterais. Por outro lado a estrutura dos GIPLs destas espécies eradesconhecida e foi objeto de estudo deste trabalho.A análise estrutural dos GIPLs mostrou que L. infantum possui GIPLs pequenos e ricosem manose, sugerindo predominância de GIPLs do tipo I e híbridos enquanto L. braziliensisapresenta GIPLs grandes e ricos em galactose, sugestivo do tipo II. Para analisar o papel destasmoléculas na interação com o hospedeiro, macrófagos peritoneais murinos foram tratados comLPG ou GIPLs e a produção de nitrito, citocinas, bem como a ativação de MAPKs foramavaliados.De forma geral, macrófagos estimulados com LPG de L. braziliensis, demonstraram umaprodução maior de TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 e NO do que os estimulados com LPG de L. infantum,adicionalmente, células tratadas com LPG de ambas as espécies mostraram uma resposta proinflamatória mais proeminente. Além disto, os GIPLs mostraram a capacidade de inibir aprodução de IL-12 e NO em macrófagos estimulados com IFN-γ e LPS. Finalmente, osglicoconjugados destas duas espécies resultaram em uma cinética diferencial na ativação deMAPKs. O LPG de L. braziliensis mostrou uma ativação transiente enquanto o de L. infantumuma ativação gradual. Os GIPLs de ambas espécies falharam em ativar MAPKs


Subject(s)
Animals , Guinea Pigs , Mice , Glycoconjugates/immunology , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous/immunology
12.
Belo Horizonte; s.n; 2012. 139 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-667432

ABSTRACT

Os glicoconjugados de Leishmania tem sido extensivamente estudados, mas ainda poucose sabe sobre o quanto polimorfismos intra e interespecíficos contribuem com o desenvolvimentodas diferentes imunopatologias das leishmanioses. Por este motivo, duas espécies de importânciaepidemiológica foram examinadas, L. braziliensis e L. infantum, agentes causadores dasleishmanioses cutânea e visceral, respectivamente. O LPG de L. braziliensis não possui cadeiaslaterais enquanto o LPG de L. infantum carrega em sua estrutura oligômeros de até três β-glicoses como cadeias laterais. Por outro lado a estrutura dos GIPLs destas espécies eradesconhecida e foi objeto de estudo deste trabalho.A análise estrutural dos GIPLs mostrou que L. infantum possui GIPLs pequenos e ricosem manose, sugerindo predominância de GIPLs do tipo I e híbridos enquanto L. braziliensisapresenta GIPLs grandes e ricos em galactose, sugestivo do tipo II. Para analisar o papel destasmoléculas na interação com o hospedeiro, macrófagos peritoneais murinos foram tratados comLPG ou GIPLs e a produção de nitrito, citocinas, bem como a ativação de MAPKs foramavaliados.De forma geral, macrófagos estimulados com LPG de L. braziliensis, demonstraram umaprodução maior de TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 e NO do que os estimulados com LPG de L. infantum,adicionalmente, células tratadas com LPG de ambas as espécies mostraram uma resposta proinflamatória mais proeminente. Além disto, os GIPLs mostraram a capacidade de inibir aprodução de IL-12 e NO em macrófagos estimulados com IFN-γ e LPS. Finalmente, osglicoconjugados destas duas espécies resultaram em uma cinética diferencial na ativação deMAPKs. O LPG de L. braziliensis mostrou uma ativação transiente enquanto o de L. infantumuma ativação gradual. Os GIPLs de ambas espécies falharam em ativar MAPKs


Subject(s)
Animals , Guinea Pigs , Mice , Glycoconjugates/immunology , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous/immunology
13.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 71(5): 420-428, oct. 2011. ilus, graf, mapas, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-633890

ABSTRACT

Es importante conocer si la variabilidad de especies de Leishmania circulantes en una región afecta la performance de las pruebas de ELISA estandarizadas para el diagnostico de la leishmaniasis. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la reactividad de la prueba de ELISA utilizando homogenados de promastigotes de Leishmania (V.) braziliensis (ELISAb), L (L) amazonensis (ELISAa) y L (V.) guyanensis (ELISAg) frente a distintos grupos de sueros. Se estudiaron muestras de personas con leishmaniasis cutánea (n = 37), leishmaniasis mucocutánea (n = 8), no infectados (n = 52), infectadas por Trypanosoma cruzi (n = 11) e infecciones mixtas (n = 14). Se calcularon las sensibilidades, especificidades, cut off, valores predictivos, y se compararon las tres pruebas usando ANOVA, índice de concordancia kappa, comparación de curvas ROC e intervalos de confianza construidos por el método de bootstrap. Se encontraron diferencias significativas al comparar los niveles de DO de los sueros de pacientes con leishmaniasis cutánea respecto a los controles negativos, pero no se encontraron diferencias entre pruebas. Las sensibilidades calculadas fueron de 84.6% para ELISAb y ELISAa y de 88.5 para ELISAg, mientras que el valor de especificidad para las tres pruebas fue de 96.2. El índice de concordancia kappa y la comparación de curvas ROC mostraron performances similares para las tres pruebas (p = 0.225). La elevada reactividad obtenida para estas ELISAs frente a sueros de pacientes con leishmaniasis mucocutánea indica un importante potencial de esta técnica como complemento en el diagnóstico de la enfermedad.


It is important to know whether the variability of species of Leishmania parasites circulating in a region affects the performance of the ELISA test for the diagnosis of leishmaniasis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the reactivity of the ELISA using homogenates of promastigotes of Leishmania (V.) braziliensis (ELISAb), Leishmania (L) amazonensis (ELISAa) and Leishmania (V.) guyanensis (ELISAg) against different sera groups. Samples from individuals with cutaneous leishmaniasis (n = 37), mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (n = 8), healthy controls (n = 52), persons infected with Trypanosoma cruzi (n = 11) and mixed infections (n = 14) were included in the study. We calculated sensitivities, specificities, cut offs, and predictive values for the three tests and compared them using ANOVA, kappa index, ROC curves comparison, and confidence intervals calculated by the bootstrap method. Significant differences were found when comparing the OD levels of sera from patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis against healthy controls, but there were no differences when comparing the different ELISAs. The sensitivities calculated for ELISAb and ELISAa were 84.6 and of 88.5% for ELISAg, while the value of specificity for the three tests was 96.2. The kappa index (0.87) and comparison of ROC curves showed similar performance for the three ELISAs (p = 0.225). The high reactivity obtained for these ELISAs in sera of patients with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis indicates this test as an important complement in the diagnosis of the disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Antigens, Protozoan/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Leishmania/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Protozoan Proteins/blood , Analysis of Variance , Confidence Intervals , Chagas Disease/immunology , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Leishmania guyanensis/immunology , Leishmania mexicana/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous/diagnosis , Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous/immunology , Sensitivity and Specificity , Trypanosoma cruzi/chemistry
14.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 44(4): 520-521, July-Aug. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-596607

ABSTRACT

HIV coinfection modifies the clinical course of leishmaniasis by promoting a Th2 pattern of cytokine production. However, little information is available regarding the lymphocytic response in untreated coinfected patients. This work presents the immunophenotyping of Leishmania-stimulated T cells from a treatment-naÏve HIV+ patient with ML. Leishmania braziliensis antigens induced CD69 expression on CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ cells. It also increased IL-4 intracellular staining on CD3+CD4+GATA3- population and decreased the percentage of CD3+CD4+IL-17+ cells. This suggests that modulations in the IL-4R/STAT6 pathway and the Th17 population may serve as parasitic evasion mechanisms in HIV/ML. Further studies are required to confirm these results.


A co-infecção por HIV modifica o curso clínico da leishmaniose ao promover aumento no perfil Th2 de produção de citocinas. No entanto, há pouca informação a respeito da resposta linfocitária em pacientes co-infectados sem tratamento. Neste trabalho, foi realizada a imunofenotipagem de células T estimuladas com antígenos de Leishmania braziliensis em paciente não tratado HIV+ e com leishmaniose mucosa. Os resultados mostraram aumento na expressão de CD69 em células CD3+CD4+ e CD3+CD8+. Além disso, foi observado aumento de IL-4 na população de linfócitos CD3+CD4+GATA3- e diminuição no percentual de células CD3+CD4+IL-17+. Estes resultados sugerem que a modulação da via IL-4R/STAT6 e da população de células Th17 funcione como mecanismo de evasão parasitária em HIV/LM. Estudos futuros são necessários para confirmar estes resultados.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/immunology , Immunophenotyping , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous/immunology , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , T-Lymphocytes/classification
15.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 105(6): 818-822, Sept. 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-560669

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated two vaccine candidates for their effectiveness in protecting BALB/c mice against Leishmania chagasiinfection. These immunogenic preparations were composed of Leishmania amazonensisor Leishmania braziliensisantigenic extracts in association with saponin adjuvant. Mice were given three subcutaneous doses of one of these vaccine candidates weekly for three weeks and four weeks later challenged with promastigotes of L. chagasiby intravenous injection. We observed that both vaccine candidates induced a significant reduction in the parasite load of the liver, while the L. amazonensisantigenic extract also stimulated a reduction in spleen parasite load. This protection was associated with a suppression of both interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-4 cytokines by spleen cells in response to L. chagasiantigen. No change was detected in the production of IFN-γ. Our data show that these immunogenic preparations reduce the type 2 immune response leading to the control of parasite replication.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Mice , Antigens, Protozoan/immunology , /biosynthesis , /biosynthesis , Leishmaniasis Vaccines/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/immunology , Antigens, Protozoan , /immunology , /immunology , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Leishmania infantum/immunology , Leishmania mexicana/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous , Liver , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Saponins , Saponins/immunology , Spleen
16.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 42(5): 594-596, Sept.-Oct. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-532521

ABSTRACT

Relata-se novo surto de LTA em militares com 71 casos confirmados pelos critérios clínico, epidemiológico e laboratorial. Obteve-se o isolamento de sete amostras, identificadas como Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. A ocorrência de surtos nesta região confirma o caráter endêmico, cuja magnitude parece estar relacionada a não adoção de medidas de proteção individual.


A new outbreak of American tegumentary leishmaniasis among military personnel is reported, with 71 cases confirmed by means of clinical, epidemiological and laboratory criteria. Seven samples were isolated and were identified as Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. The occurrence of outbreaks in this region confirms the endemic nature of this disease, and the magnitude of the occurrence seems to be related to non-adoption of individual protection measures.


Subject(s)
Humans , Disease Outbreaks , Leishmania braziliensis , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Military Personnel/statistics & numerical data , Antibodies, Monoclonal/blood , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Brazil/epidemiology , Intradermal Tests , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Leishmania braziliensis/isolation & purification , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/diagnosis
17.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 13(1): 47-52, Feb. 2009. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-517814

ABSTRACT

We evaluated the effectiveness of serological and parasitological methods for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) diagnosis in patients from the central region of Paraná state, southern Brazil. Five groups were compared: clinical diagnosis, parasitological diagnosis, communicants, inhabitants of a non-endemic area and carriers of other etiologies. Two antigens were prepared from promastigotes of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis for indirect immunofluorescence assay, ELISA and immunoblotting. The parasitological approaches detected 79.3 percent of the patients with a clinical diagnosis; the parasites were identified by PCR as L. (V.) braziliensis. Serological methods showed 95 percent sensitivity for homologous antigens. Immunoblotting revealed specific proteins for diagnosis of CL and detected 96.6 percent of the patients when L. (V.) braziliensis was used as an antigen, and 83.3 percent with L. (L.) amazonensis. This study demonstrated the importance of differential diagnosis for leishmaniasis; the association of two or more indirect methods increased diagnosis sensitivity.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Leishmania braziliensis/isolation & purification , Leishmania mexicana/immunology , Leishmania mexicana/isolation & purification , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Immunoblotting , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sensitivity and Specificity , Skin Tests
18.
Cad. saúde pública ; 25(1): 97-104, jan. 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-505613

ABSTRACT

Classic and molecular (polymerase chain reaction - PCR) techniques were used to diagnose American cutaneous leishmaniasis in 149 dogs from an area in the northwest of Paraná State, Brazil, where an American cutaneous leishmaniasis outbreak occurred in 2002. The results were compared to a set of previously obtained results. Twenty-five dogs had positive indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) (titers > 40), including two animals with suggestive lesions. The percentage of dogs with positive IIF was similar to that found in a previous study. The cultures of the lesion, blood and bone marrow were negative for Leishmania. A direct search for the parasite in the lesions proved negative, although PCR tests were positive. The PCR did not detect the DNA of Leishmania (Viannia) in the blood, even for those that had positive PCR in a previous study. The follow up of the 27 dogs showed that the majority of them had maintained the same levels of antibodies that had been detected previously. There was a reduction in the number of dogs with lesions, probably due to the transmission control measures that were adopted after the outbreak.


Neste estudo, utilizaram-se técnicas clássicas e moleculares (reação em cadeia da polimerase - PCR) para o diagnóstico da leishmaniose tegumentar americana em 149 cães de uma área no noroeste do Estado do Paraná, Brasil, onde ocorreu um surto de leishmaniose tegumentar americana em 2002; os resultados foram comparados aos obtidos anteriormente. Vinte e cinco cães tiveram a imunofluorescência indireta (IFI) positiva (títulos > 40), incluindo dois animais com lesão sugestiva. O percentual de cães com IFI positiva foi semelhante aos encontrados nos inquéritos anteriores. As culturas dos materiais de lesão, sangue e medula óssea foram negativas para Leishmania. A pesquisa direta do parasito em lesão foi negativa, no entanto a PCR foi positiva. A PCR não detectou DNA de Leishmania (Viannia) no sangue dos cães estudados, mesmo naqueles que tiveram PCR positiva no estudo anterior. O acompanhamento de 27 animais mostrou que a maioria deles permaneceu com os mesmos níveis de anticorpos detectados anteriormente. Houve redução do número de cães com lesões, provavelmente em virtude das medidas de controle da transmissão adotadas após o surto de 2002.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Female , Male , Disease Reservoirs/veterinary , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Leishmania braziliensis , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/veterinary , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Antibodies, Protozoan/genetics , Bone Marrow/parasitology , Bone Marrow/pathology , Brazil/epidemiology , Culture Media , DNA, Protozoan/blood , DNA, Protozoan/genetics , Disease Outbreaks/veterinary , Disease Reservoirs/parasitology , Disease Reservoirs/statistics & numerical data , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Dog Diseases/parasitology , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/veterinary , Leishmania braziliensis/genetics , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Leishmania braziliensis/isolation & purification , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/blood , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Rural Population , Skin Ulcer/genetics , Skin Ulcer/pathology , Skin Ulcer/veterinary , Time Factors
19.
Bauru; s.n; 2009. 208 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-578024

ABSTRACT

O sistema imune serve como uma barreira contra os patógenos e ao crescimento anormal de células. Para impedir as respostas imunes excessivas ou indiscriminadas que podem comprometer a sobrevivência do organismo, diversos mecanismos regulatórios são ativados visando manter o delicado balanço entre início e término de uma resposta imune. As celular T reguladoras (Treg) parecem desempenhar papel central na regulação da resposta imune em infecções crônicas e durante o desenvolvimento de tumores. Outro mecanismo importante no controle da resposta imune é desempenhado por moléculas co-estimulatórias, dentre as quais estão CTLA-4 e PD-1, todas associadas à função das células T reguladoras. Um aspecto importante é q a sobrevida de tecido tumoral e de transplantes tem sido associada à função das células T reguladoras. Assim, buscamos definir o envolvimento de células T reguladoras e PD-1 na modulação da resposta imune L. braziliensis, ao fungo P. brasiliensis, à doença periodontal e ao tumor de cabeça e pescoço. Baseado nos resultados já publicados e em dados preliminares, as hipóteses são que: (a) a interação do parasita (ou célula tumoral) com o hospedeiro leva à migração de linfócitos T e efetores e células T reguladoras para o local da lesão; (b) a dinâmica do acúmulo dessas células em tais sítios determina a eficiência da eliminação do patógeno ou tumor. No caso das parasitoses, há o desenvolvimento de imunidade concomitante; (c) as células T regulam a resposta imune local de forma contato dependente e modulando a função de APC através da liberação de IL-10 e/ou TGF-β; (d) infecção e progressão tumoral levam à modulação da expressão de PD-1 nos leucócitos e seus ligantes nos órgãos; (e) a interação PD-PDL-1 regula a resposta imune local de forma a favorecer a persistência do patógeno e os mecanismos de escape tumoral.


The immune system serves as a barrier against pathogens and abnormal cellular growth. To avoid tissue and organ damage during immune response several regulatory mechanisms are activated to limit, terminate and attenuate T-cells response. Regulatory T cells (Treg) play a central role in the regulation of the immune response in chronic infections and tumor-specific immunity. Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is a transmembrane protein that acts as a negative regulator in effector T cells, modulating the delicate balance between effective antimicrobial immune defenses and immune-mediated tissue damage. However, recent data suggest that the PD-1:PD-L1 pathway can also block antitumor immune responses even when tumor antigens can be recognized. An important aspect it that the survival of tumor and transplant tissues has been associated with the function or regulatory T cells. Thus, we discuss the role of Treg cells and PD-1 molecules in the modulation of the immune response to L. braziliensis, P. brasiliensis, periodontal disease and head and neck tumors. Based on published results and preliminary data, the hypotheses are that: (a) the interaction of the parasite (or tumoral cells) with the host leads to the migration of effector T lymphocytes and Treg cells to the local; (b) the dynamics of cells accumulation in such sites determinate the elimination efficiency of tumors. In infectious disease, there is the development of concomitant immunity; (c) Treg cells regulate the local immune response, modulating the APC function through the release of IL-10 and/or TGF-β; (d) infection and tumor progression leads to the modulation of PD-1 expression in the leukocytes and their ligands in the tissue; (e) PD-PDL-1 interactions regulate the immune response and may mediate the persistence of pathogen and contribute to immune evasion by cancers.T.


Subject(s)
Humans , Antigens, CD/chemistry , Communicable Diseases/immunology , T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/immunology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Paracoccidioides/immunology , Chronic Periodontitis/immunology , Cheilitis/microbiology
20.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 41(5): 439-443, set.-out. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-496705

ABSTRACT

The diagnosis for American cutaneous leishmaniasis is based on an association of clinical, epidemiological and laboratory characteristics. The present study identified the circulating species of Leishmania in the State of Pernambuco, described its clinical-epidemiological characteristics and diagnosed the disease. Nineteen patients presenting active lesions who had been diagnosed through clinical evaluation and laboratory tests were selected. The tests included direct investigation, in vitro culturing, Montenegro skin test, indirect immunofluorescence and polymerase chain reaction. The Montenegro Skin Test showed positive results in 89 percent of the patients; indirect immunofluorescence, in 79 percent; direct investigation, in 58 percent; and polymerase chain reaction in 75 percent. Seven Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis samples were isolated from these patients and were characterized by means of specific monoclonal antibodies. These data confirm that a combination of different diagnosis techniques is needed in order to obtain efficient results and that, so far, Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis is the only species responsible for American cutaneous leishmaniasis infection in Pernambuco. Thus, it is essential to identify the parasite species involved in cases of human disease in an endemic area in order to determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics, especially with regard to diagnosis, therapy development and disease prognosis.


O diagnóstico da leishmaniose cutânea americana é baseado na associação dos aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e laboratoriais. O presente estudo identificou a espécie de Leishmania circulante no Estado de Pernambuco, descreveu os aspectos clínico-epidemiológicos e diagnosticou a doença. Foram selecionados 19 pacientes apresentando lesão ativa e diagnosticados através de avaliação clínica e pelos exames laboratoriais que incluíram a pesquisa direta, cultivo in vitro, intradermorreação de Montenegro, imunofluorescência indireta e reação em cadeia de polymerase. A intradermorreação de Montenegro apresentou resultado positivo em 89 por cento dos pacientes. A imunofluorescência indireta apresentou 79 por cento de positividade, a pesquisa direta apresentou 58 por cento e a reação em cadeia de polymerase 75 por cento de positividade. Sete amostras de Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis foram isoladas desses pacientes e caracterizadas através de anticorpos monoclonais específicos. Esses dados confirmam que é necessário a combinação de diferentes técnicas diagnósticas para se obter resultados eficientes e que, até o momento, a Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis é a única espécie responsável pela infecção da leishmaniose cutânea americana em Pernambuco. Portanto, a identificação da espécie do parasito envolvido nos casos da doença no homem em uma área endêmica é essencial para o conhecimento dos aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos, sobretudo para o diagnóstico e para o desenvolvimento da terapia e prognóstico da doença.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Leishmania braziliensis , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Brazil/epidemiology , DNA, Protozoan/analysis , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Intradermal Tests , Leishmania braziliensis/genetics , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/parasitology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Young Adult
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL